Python实现自动整理文件的脚本

(编辑：jimmy 日期: 2024/11/16 浏览：3 次 )

前言

工作上的文档和资料好几个月没整理了，因为平常太忙都是随手往桌面丢。整个桌面杂乱无章全是文档和资料。几乎快占满整个屏幕了，所有我必须要整理一下了。但是手动整理太费时间了，于是我想到了python。

示例

import os
import glob
import shutil

'''
@Author: huny
@date: 2020.12.06
@function: 桌面整理
'''


class FileType():
  def __init__(self):
    self.filetype = {
      "图片": [".jpeg", ".jpg", ".tiff", ".gif", ".bmp", ".png", ".bpg", "svg", ".heif", ".psd"],
      "视频": [".avi", ".flv", ".wmv", ".mov", ".mp4", ".webm", ".vob", ".mng", ".qt", ".mpg", ".mpeg", ".3gp", ".mkv"],
      "音频": [".aac", ".aa", ".aac", ".dvf", ".m4a", ".m4b", ".m4p", ".mp3", ".msv", ".ogg", ".oga", ".raw", ".vox", ".wav", ".wma"],
      "文档": [".oxps", ".epub", ".pages", ".docx", ".doc", ".fdf", ".ods", ".odt", ".pwi", ".xsn", ".xps", ".dotx", ".docm", ".dox",
".rvg", ".rtf", ".rtfd", ".wpd", ".xls", ".xlsx", ".ppt", ".pptx", ".csv", ".pdf", ".md",".xmind"],
      "压缩文件": [".a", ".ar", ".cpio", ".iso", ".tar", ".gz", ".rz", ".7z", ".dmg", ".rar", ".xar", ".zip"],
      "文本": [".txt", ".in", ".out",".json",".xml",".log"],
      "程序脚本": [".py", ".html5", ".html", ".htm", ".xhtml",s".c", ".cpp", ".java", ".css",".sql"], 
      "可执行程序": [".exe",".bat", ".lnk"],
      "字体文件": [".ttf", ".OTF", ".WOFF", ".EOT"]
    }

  def JudgeFile(self, pathname):
    for name, type in self.filetype.items():
      if pathname in type:
        return name
    return "无法判断类型文件"


class DeskTopOrg(object):
  def __init__(self):
    self.filetype = FileType()

  def Organization(self):   
    filepath = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser('~'),"Desktop")
    paths = glob.glob(filepath + "/*.*")
    # print('paths-->',paths)
    for path in paths:
      try:
        if not os.path.isdir(path):
          file = os.path.splitext(path)
          filename,type = file
          # print('type-->',type)
          # print("filename-->",filename)
          print('path-->',path)
          dir_path = os.path.dirname(path)
          # print('dir_path-->',dir_path)
          savePath = dir_path + '/{}'.format(self.filetype.JudgeFile(type))
          print('savePath-->',savePath)
          if not os.path.exists(savePath):
            os.mkdir(savePath)
            shutil.move(path, savePath)
          else:
            shutil.move(path, savePath)
      except FileNotFoundError:
        pass
    # print("程序执行结束！")


if __name__ == '__main__':
  try:
    while True:
      desktopOrg = DeskTopOrg()
      desktopOrg.Organization()
      print("---->你的桌面已经整理完成。")
      a = input('---->请按回车键退出:')
      if a == '':
        break
  except BaseException:
    print("ERROE:路径错误或有重复的文档")

整理完了，桌面清爽了不少。（注意此脚本是按后缀进行分类归档的）

进阶

基于这个我想是否可以对其他不同的路径进行整理呢，于是又优化了一下

import os
import glob
import shutil

'''
@Author: huny
@date: 2020.12.06
@function: 文件整理
'''


class FileType():
  def __init__(self):
    self.filetype = {
      "图片": [".jpeg", ".jpg", ".tiff", ".gif", ".bmp", ".png", ".bpg", "svg", ".heif", ".psd"],
      "视频": [".avi", ".flv", ".wmv", ".mov", ".mp4", ".webm", ".vob", ".mng", ".qt", ".mpg", ".mpeg", ".3gp", ".mkv"],
      "音频": [".aac", ".aa", ".aac", ".dvf", ".m4a", ".m4b", ".m4p", ".mp3", ".msv", ".ogg", ".oga", ".raw", ".vox", ".wav", ".wma"],
      "文档": [".oxps", ".epub", ".pages", ".docx", ".doc", ".fdf", ".ods", ".odt", ".pwi", ".xsn", ".xps", ".dotx", ".docm", ".dox",
".rvg", ".rtf", ".rtfd", ".wpd", ".xls", ".xlsx", ".ppt", ".pptx", ".csv", ".pdf", ".md",".xmind"],
      "压缩文件": [".a", ".ar", ".cpio", ".iso", ".tar", ".gz", ".rz", ".7z", ".dmg", ".rar", ".xar", ".zip"],
      "文本": [".txt", ".in", ".out", ".json","xml",".log"],
      "程序脚本": [".py", ".html5", ".html", ".htm", ".xhtml", ".c", ".cpp", ".java", ".css",".sql"], 
      "可执行程序": [".exe",".bat",".lnk"],
      "字体文件": [".ttf", ".OTF", ".WOFF", ".EOT"]
    }

  def JudgeFile(self, pathname):
    for name, type in self.filetype.items():
      if pathname in type:
        return name
    return "无法判断类型文件"


class DeskTopOrg(object):
  def __init__(self):
    self.filetype = FileType()

  def Organization(self):
    filepath = input("请输入需要整理的文件夹路径： ")
    paths = glob.glob(filepath + "/*.*")
    print('paths-->',paths)
    for path in paths:
      try:
        if not os.path.isdir(path):
          file = os.path.splitext(path)
          filename,type = file
          print('type-->',type)
          print("filename-->",filename)
          print('path-->',path)
          dir_path = os.path.dirname(path)
          print('dir_path-->',dir_path)
          savePath = dir_path + '/{}'.format(self.filetype.JudgeFile(type))
          print('savePath-->',savePath)
          if not os.path.exists(savePath):
            os.mkdir(savePath)
            shutil.move(path, savePath)
          else:
            shutil.move(path, savePath)
      except FileNotFoundError:
        pass
    print("程序执行结束！")


if __name__ == '__main__':
  try:
    while True:
      desktopOrg = DeskTopOrg()
      desktopOrg.Organization()
      print("---->你的文件已经整理完成。")
      a = input('---->请按回车键退出:')
      if a == '':
        break
  except BaseException:
    print("ERROE:路径错误或有重复的文档")

可以自由的整理你想要整理的路径。

后续

其他朋友也有需求，但是又没有python环境，于是我将程序打包成exe执行文件。

安装pyinstaller

pip install pyinstaller

执行打包命令

#在程序脚本的路径执行以下命令
pyinstaller -F ***.py

执行完后生成几个文件，在dist文件下有一个exe可执行文件，将他单独发给朋友即可。

别忘了先自己测试一遍。

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