python语言实现贪吃蛇游戏

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import tkinter as tk 
# 使用Tkinter前需要先导入
import tkinter.messagebox
import pickle
import random
import time

# 第1步，实例化object，建立窗口window
window = tk.Tk() 
# 第2步，给窗口的可视化起名字
window.title('Greedy snake')
# 第3步，设定窗口的大小(长 * 宽)
# window.geometry('1004x504') # 这里的乘是小x

# 第5步，创建一个主frame，长在主window窗口上
frame = tk.Frame(window, bg = 'blue', bd = 2, relief = tk.FLAT)
frame.pack(side = 'left')
#当前框架被选中，意思是键盘触发，只对这个框架有效
frame.focus_set()
Labellist = [] #存放所有方块的label
Blocklist = [] #存放背景方块的值 1：被占用 0：空闲
Snakelist = [] #存放snake的坐标
height = 15
width = 20
#snack前进方向
left = 0
right = 1
up = 2
down =3
pause = 0
start = 1
class App(tk.Frame): 
 def __init__(self,master):  
  self.window = master  
  tk.Frame.__init__(self)  
  master.bind('<Up>',self.Up)  
  master.bind('<Left>',self.Left)  
  master.bind('<Right>',self.Right)  
  master.bind('<Down>',self.Down)  
  master.bind('<p>',self.Pause)  
  master.bind('<s>',self.Start)  
  master.bind('<r>',self.Restart)  
  self.Init_snake() #初始化界面方法
  self.time = 1000  
  self.Onetime()     
 def Up(self, event):  
  if self.Istart:   
   self.direction = up 
 def Down(self, event):  
  if self.Istart:   
   self.direction = down 
 def Left(self, event):  
  if self.Istart:   
   self.direction = left 
 def Right(self, event):  
  if self.Istart:   
   self.direction = right
 def Init_snake(self):  
  del Labellist[:]  
  del Blocklist[:]  
  del Snakelist[:]    
  #初始化背景方块  
  LabelRowList = []  
  BlockRowlist = []  
  c = r = 0  
  for k in range(width*height):   
   LN=tk.Label(frame,text = ' ', bg = 'black', fg = 'white', relief = tk.FLAT, bd = 4)   
   LN.grid(row=r,column=c,sticky=tk.N+tk.E+tk.S+tk.W)   
   LabelRowList.append(LN)   
   BlockRowlist.append(0)   
   c=c+1 
   if c>=20:
    r=r+1
    c=0    
    Labellist.append(LabelRowList)    
    Blocklist.append(BlockRowlist)    
    LabelRowList = []    
    BlockRowlist = []  
  #初始化snake  
  self.Istart = 0  
  self.direction = left
  self.direction_last = left
  self.overflag = 0 
  #snake head的初始位置  
  self.x = 7  
  self.y = 8  
  #snake tail的初始位置  
  self.x_tail = 7  
  self.y_tail = 10  
  Snakelist.append((7,8))  
  Snakelist.append((7,9))  
  Snakelist.append((7,10))  
  self.snakelen = len(Snakelist)


  Blocklist[self.x][self.y] = 1  
  Blocklist[self.x][self.y+1] = 1  
  Blocklist[self.x][self.y+2] = 1  
  Labellist[self.x][self.y].config(bg = 'green', relief = tk.RAISED)  
  Labellist[self.x][self.y+1].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED)  
  Labellist[self.x][self.y+2].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED)  
  #初始化food  
  self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)  
  self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)  
  while Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] == 1:   
   self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)   
   self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)     
  Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] = 1  
  Labellist[self.food_x][self.food_y].config(bg = 'red', relief = tk.RIDGE)
 def Pause(self, event):  
  self.Istart = pause 
 def Start(self, event):  
  self.Istart = start 
 def Restart(self, event):  
  self.Init_snake()
 def Onetime(self): #每1000ms做一次界面刷新  
  if self.Istart and self.overflag == 0: 
   if (self.direction_last == down and self.direction == up )or(self.direction_last == up and self.direction == down )or(self.direction_last ==left and self.direction == right )or(self.direction_last ==right and self.direction == left ):
    self.direction = self.direction_last
   self.direction_last = self.direction 
   x0 = self.x   
   y0 = self.y   
   if self.direction == left:    
    if x0 == self.food_x and y0-1 == self.food_y:          
     Labellist[x0][y0-1].config(bg = 'green', relief = tk.RAISED)     
     Labellist[x0][y0].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED)
     self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)     
     self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)     
     while Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] == 1:      
      self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)      
      self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)     
     Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] = 1     
     Labellist[self.food_x][self.food_y].config(bg = 'red', relief = tk.RIDGE)
     self.snakelen += 1     
     Snakelist.insert(0,(x0,y0-1))      
     self.x = x0     
     self.y = y0 - 1    
    elif (x0>=0 and x0<height and y0-1>=0 and y0-1<width and Blocklist[x0][y0-1] == 0) or (self.x_tail == x0 and self.y_tail == y0 - 1):               
     Blocklist[self.x_tail][self.y_tail] = 0     
     Labellist[self.x_tail][self.y_tail].config(bg = 'black', relief = tk.FLAT)     
     Blocklist[x0][y0-1] = 1     
     Labellist[x0][y0-1].config(bg = 'green', relief = tk.RAISED)     
     Labellist[x0][y0].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED)           
     del Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1]     
     Snakelist.insert(0,(x0,y0-1))      
     self.x = x0     
     self.y = y0 - 1     
     self.x_tail = Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1][0]     
     self.y_tail = Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1][1]    
    else:     
     tk.messagebox.showinfo(title = 'snake', message = 'game over!!!')     
     self.overflag = 1     
   elif self.direction == up:    
    if x0-1 == self.food_x and y0 == self.food_y:           
     Labellist[x0-1][y0].config(bg = 'green', relief = tk.RAISED)     
     Labellist[x0][y0].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED)
     self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)     
     self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)     
     while Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] == 1:      
      self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)      
      self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)     
     Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] = 1     
     Labellist[self.food_x][self.food_y].config(bg = 'red', relief = tk.RIDGE) 
     self.snakelen += 1     
     Snakelist.insert(0,(x0-1,y0))      
     self.x = x0 - 1     
     self.y = y0 
    elif (x0-1 >=0 and x0-1<height and y0>=0 and y0<width and Blocklist[x0-1][y0] == 0) or (self.x_tail == x0-1 and self.y_tail == y0):          
     Blocklist[self.x_tail][self.y_tail] = 0     
     Labellist[self.x_tail][self.y_tail].config(bg = 'black', relief = tk.FLAT)     
     Blocklist[x0-1][y0] = 1     
     Labellist[x0-1][y0].config(bg = 'green', relief = tk.RAISED)     
     Labellist[x0][y0].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED)
     del Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1]     
     Snakelist.insert(0,(x0 - 1,y0))      
     self.x = x0 - 1     
     self.y = y0     
     self.x_tail = Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1][0]     
     self.y_tail = Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1][1]    
    else:     
     tk.messagebox.showinfo(title = 'snake', message = 'game over!!!')     
     self.overflag = 1   
   elif self.direction == down:    
    if x0+1 == self.food_x and y0 == self.food_y:          
     Labellist[x0+1][y0].config(bg = 'green', relief = tk.RAISED)     
     Labellist[x0][y0].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED)
     self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)     
     self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)     
     while Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] == 1:      
      self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)      
      self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)     
     Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] = 1     
     Labellist[self.food_x][self.food_y].config(bg = 'red', relief = tk.RIDGE) 
     self.snakelen += 1     
     Snakelist.insert(0,(x0+1,y0))      
     self.x = x0 + 1     
     self.y = y0 
    elif (x0+1 >=0 and x0+1 <height and y0>=0 and y0<width and Blocklist[x0+1][y0] == 0) or (self.x_tail == x0+1 and self.y_tail == y0):               
     Blocklist[self.x_tail][self.y_tail] = 0     
     Labellist[self.x_tail][self.y_tail].config(bg = 'black', relief = tk.FLAT)     
     Blocklist[x0+1][y0] = 1     
     Labellist[x0+1][y0].config(bg = 'green', relief = tk.RAISED)     
     Labellist[x0][y0].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED) 
     del Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1]     
     Snakelist.insert(0,(x0 + 1,y0))      
     self.x = x0 + 1     
     self.y = y0     
     self.x_tail = Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1][0]     
     self.y_tail = Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1][1]    
    else:     
     tk.messagebox.showinfo(title = 'snake', message = 'game over!!!')     
     self.overflag = 1   
   elif self.direction == right:    
    if x0 == self.food_x and y0+1 == self.food_y:          
     Labellist[x0][y0+1].config(bg = 'green', relief = tk.RAISED)     
     Labellist[x0][y0].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED)
     self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)     
     self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)     
     while Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] == 1:      
      self.food_x = random.randint(0,14)      
      self.food_y = random.randint(0,19)     
     Blocklist[self.food_x][self.food_y] = 1     
     Labellist[self.food_x][self.food_y].config(bg = 'red', relief = tk.RIDGE) 
     self.snakelen += 1     
     Snakelist.insert(0,(x0,y0 + 1))      
     self.x = x0     
     self.y = y0 + 1 
    elif (x0>=0 and x0<height and y0+1>=0 and y0+1<width and Blocklist[x0][y0+1] == 0) or (self.x_tail == x0 and self.y_tail == y0+1):              
     Blocklist[self.x_tail][self.y_tail] = 0     
     Labellist[self.x_tail][self.y_tail].config(bg = 'black', relief = tk.FLAT)     
     Blocklist[x0][y0+1] = 1     
     Labellist[x0][y0+1].config(bg = 'green', relief = tk.RAISED)     
     Labellist[x0][y0].config(bg = 'white', relief = tk.RAISED) 
     del Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1]     
     Snakelist.insert(0,(x0,y0 + 1))      
     self.x = x0     
     self.y = y0 + 1     
     self.x_tail = Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1][0]     
     self.y_tail = Snakelist[self.snakelen - 1][1]    
    else:     
     tk.messagebox.showinfo(title = 'snake', message = 'game over!!!')     
     self.overflag = 1  
  self.after(self.time,self.Onetime)
def Start_Stop(): 
 app.Istart = 1 - app.Istart 
def Restart(): 
 app.Restart(0) 
#主菜单
mainmenu = tk.Menu(window)
window['menu'] = mainmenu
#二级菜单：game
gamemenu=tk.Menu(mainmenu)
mainmenu.add_cascade(label='游戏',menu=gamemenu)
gamemenu.add_command(label = '开始/暂停',command=Start_Stop)
gamemenu.add_command(label = '重置',command=Restart)
gamemenu.add_command(label = '退出',command=window.quit)
app = App(window)  
window.mainloop()