Python run()函数和start()函数的比较和差别介绍
run() 方法并不启动一个新线程,就是在主线程中调用了一个普通函数而已。
start() 方法是启动一个子线程,线程名就是自己定义的name。
因此,如果你想启动多线程,就必须使用start()方法。
请看实例:(源代码)
1 使用run()方法启动线程,它打印的线程名是MainThread,也就是主线程。
import threading,time def worker(): count = 1 while True: if count >= 4: break time.sleep(1) count += 1 print(“thread name = {}”.format(threading.current_thread().name)) print(“Start Test run()”) t1 = threading.Thread(target=worker, name=“MyTryThread”) t1.run() print(“run() test end”)
运行结果:
Start Test run() thread name = MainThread thread name = MainThread thread name = MainThread run() test end
2 使用start()方法启动的线程名是我们定义线程对象时设置的name="MyThread"的值,如果没有设置name参数值,则会打印系统分配的Thread-1,Thread-2…这样的名称。
import threading,time def worker(): count = 1 while True: if count >= 4: break time.sleep(2) count += 1 print(“thread name = {}”.format(threading.current_thread().name)) # 当前线程名 print(“Start Test start()”) t = threading.Thread(target=worker, name=“MyTryThread”) t.start() t.join() print(“start() test end”)
运行结果:
Start Test start() thread name = MyTryThread thread name = MyTryThread thread name = MyTryThread start() test end
3 两个子线程都用run()方法启动,但却是先运行t1.run(),运行完之后才按顺序运行t2.run(),两个线程都工作在主线程,没有启动新线程,thread ID都是一样的,因此,run()方法仅仅是普通函数调用。
import threading,time def worker(): count = 1 while True: if count >= 4: break time.sleep(2) count += 1 print(“thread name = {}, thread id = {}”.format(threading.current_thread().name, threading.current_thread().ident)) print(“Start Test run()”) t1 = threading.Thread(target=worker, name=“t1”) t2 = threading.Thread(target=worker, name=‘t2') t1.run() t2.run() print(“run() test end”)
运行结果:
Start Test run() thread name = MainThread, thread id = 3920 thread name = MainThread, thread id = 3920 thread name = MainThread, thread id = 3920 thread name = MainThread, thread id = 3920 thread name = MainThread, thread id = 3920 thread name = MainThread, thread id = 3920 run() test end
4 使用start()方法启动了两个新的子线程并交替运行,每个子进程ID也不同。
import threading,time def worker(): count = 1 while True: if count >= 4: break time.sleep(2) count += 1 print(“thread name = {}, thread id = {}”.format(threading.current_thread().name, threading.current_thread().ident)) print(“Start Test start()”) t1 = threading.Thread(target=worker, name=“MyTryThread1”) t2 = threading.Thread(target=worker, name=“MyTryThread2”) t1.start() t2.start() t1.join() t2.join() print(“start() test end”)
运行结果:
Start Test start() thread name = MyTryThread1, thread id = 4628 thread name = MyTryThread2, thread id = 872 thread name = MyTryThread1, thread id = 4628 thread name = MyTryThread2, thread id = 872 thread name = MyTryThread1, thread id = 4628 thread name = MyTryThread2, thread id = 872 start() test end
补充知识:python 文件操作常用轮子
path
注意: 对于任何需要处理文件名的问题,都应该使用os.path模块而不是字符串操作。两个原因,os.path能够处理移植性问题,如windows,linux。 另一个原因,不要重复造轮子
获取文件名
import os filename = os.path.basename(filepath) print(filename)
获取文件当前文件夹目录
filename = os.path.dirname(filepath)
同时获取文件夹和文件名
dirname, filename = os.path.split(filepath)
split 文件扩展名
path_without_ext, ext = os.path.splitext(filepath) # e.g 'hello/world/read.txt' then # path_without_ext = hello/world/read, ext = .txt
遍历文件夹下所有文件方法
import glob
pyfiles = glob.glob('*.py')
or
def getAllFiles(filePath, filelist=[]): for root, dirs, files in os.walk(filePath): for f in files: filelist.append(os.path.join(root, f)) print(f) return filelist
判断是否为文件 file
os.path.isfile('/etc/passwd')
判断是否为文件夹 folder
os.path.isdir('/etc/passwd')
是否是软链接
os.path.islink('/usr/local/bin/python3')
软链接真正指向的是
os.path.realpath('/usr/local/bin/python3')
size
获取文件大小
import os size = os.path.getsize(filepath) print(size)
获取文件夹大小
import os def getFileSize(filePath, size=0): for root, dirs, files in os.walk(filePath): for f in files: size += os.path.getsize(os.path.join(root, f)) print(f) return size print(getFileSize("."))
time
import time t1 = os.path.gettime('/etc/passwd') # t1 1272478234.0 t2 = time.ctime(t1) # t2 'Wed Apr 28 12:10:05 2010'
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